A Typical Day
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Ivan Denisovich Shukhov's days were quite different from mine. First, each day was all too typical. Essentially, every day was the same for the ten years of his sentence in the gulag. Get up early, don't get enough to eat, cold all the time, long days of hard physical labor, often bordering on futile, and being alert on ways to cheat the system all the time, just to be able to stay alive. The sense of something akin to hope, but not hope -- maybe resigned determination to stay alive -- pervades the book, all the way down to the reason he's there in the first place. As a solider in the Red Army on the western front, Shukhov was captured by the Germans, but then managed to escape with some fellow prisoners. On the way back to the Soviet lines, some of the escaped prisoners were shot by Red Army fire before they could be identified, and only Shukhov and one other made it in. Whereupon they were promptly arrested and accused of being spies for the Germans. Shukhov, sensing he'd be shot if he didn't confess, "confessed" to being on a secret mission for the Germans, and immediately was sent to one of Stalin's work camps in Siberia. For ten years.
I understand this was Alexander Solzhenitsyn's first novel. It's a good place to start for the great project of reading Solzhenitsyn. Its great irony for me is that this novel, unlike his later work, was warmly welcomed by the Soviet establishment when it was first published in 1962. Khrushchev, you see, was on his kick to tear down the image of his predecessor, Stalin, and this book was a tremendous tool for demonstrating the inhumanity of Stalin's system. But all too often, the problem with using a great artist's work product as a tool to advance your political agenda is that the artist won't cooperate in the long term, or at least won't continue to cooperate once your agenda moves in a different direction, as the Soviet establishment later saw in the case of Solzhenitsyn.
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